Olá amigos, bom dia.
Meu nome é Jean Santos, e eu curso Educação Física, no 7º período.
Gostaria de expor para vocês alguns posicionamentos científicos. No âmbito da prescrição do treinamento esportivo, a maior instituição de pesquisas científicas é o Colégio Americano de Medicina do Esporte (ACSM), instituto este que realiza várias pesquisas e de onde saem diversos conceitos atuais de métodos de treinamento. Para aqueles que entendem um pouco de inglês, deixarei um resumo de um recente artigo científico relacionado ao tema discutido por vocês no post, visto que o artigo é relativamente recente, do ano de 2009:
In order to stimulate further adaptation toward specific training goals,
progressive resistance training (RT) protocols are necessary. The optimal
characteristics of strength-specific programs include the use of concentric
(CON), eccentric (ECC), and isometric muscle actions and the performance
of bilateral and unilateral single- and multiple-joint exercises. In addition, it
is recommended that strength programs sequence exercises to optimize the
preservation of exercise intensity (large before small muscle group
exercises, multiple-joint exercises before single-joint exercises, and
higher-intensity before lower-intensity exercises). For novice (untrained
individuals with no RT experience or who have not trained for several
years) training, it is recommended that loads correspond to a repetition
range of an 8–12 repetition maximum (RM). For intermediate (individuals
with approximately 6 months of consistent RT experience) to advanced
(individuals with years of RT experience) training, it is recommended that
individuals use a wider loading range from 1 to 12 RM in a periodized
fashion with eventual emphasis on heavy loading (1–6 RM) using 3- to
5-min rest periods between sets performed at a moderate contraction
velocity (1–2 s CON; 1–2 s ECC). When training at a specific RM load, it
is recommended that 2–10% increase in load be applied when the
individual can perform the current workload for one to two repetitions
over the desired number. The recommendation for training frequency is
2–3 dIwkj1 for novice training, 3–4 dIwkj1 for intermediate training, and
4–5 dIwkj1 for advanced training. Similar program designs are recommended
for hypertrophy training with respect to exercise selection and
frequency. For loading, it is recommended that loads corresponding to
1–12 RM be used in periodized fashion with emphasis on the 6–12 RM
zone using 1- to 2-min rest periods between sets at a moderate velocity.
Higher volume, multiple-set programs are recommended for maximizing
hypertrophy. Progression in power training entails two general loading
strategies: 1) strength training and 2) use of light loads (0–60% of 1 RM for
lower body exercises; 30–60% of 1 RM for upper body exercises) performed
at a fast contraction velocity with 3–5 min of rest between sets for multiple
sets per exercise (three to five sets). It is also recommended that emphasis be
placed on multiple-joint exercises especially those involving the total body.
For local muscular endurance training, it is recommended that light to
moderate loads (40–60% of 1 RM) be performed for high repetitions (915)
using short rest periods (G90 s). In the interpretation of this position stand as with prior ones, recommendations should be applied in context and should be
contingent upon an individual’s target goals, physical capacity, and training
status.
Para aqueles que não entendem bem o inglês, vou destacar o seguinte trecho para vocês:
In addition, it is recommended that strength programs sequence exercises to optimize the preservation of exercise intensity (large before small muscle group exercises, multiple-joint exercises before single-joint exercises, and higher-intensity before lower-intensity exercises).
Que significa: em adição, recomenda-se que a sequência de programas de exercícios de força, para otimizar a preservação da intensidade do exercício (grandes grupos antes de exercícios em grupo musculares pequenos, exercícios de múltiplas articulações antes de exercício mono articulares, e de maior intensidade antes de exercícios de baixa intensidade).
Assim, com o objetivo de manter a intensidade do treinamento, utilizamos exercícios multi-articulares (costas, peito, agachamentos em geral) antes de exercícios mono-articulares (bíceps, tríceps, extensores e flexores de joelho) em programas de treinamento de força.
Espero ter ajudado!